Wednesday, February 27, 2008

Equine Bowed Tendon


I’ve recently started doing foster and lay-up care for "Off the track Thoroughbreds" through CANTER (Communication Alliance to Network Thoroughbred Ex-racehorses), a dream come true. Having grown up on the track, I know first hand how hard life can be for these young horses who give of themselves so unselfishly; that’s why I made a promise to myself that one day I’d give something back . . . So, here I am . . . One of my first charges was a five-year-old drop-dead gorgeous mare who had bowed a tendon. You could tell by her expression and by the way her ears loped out to the sides that she was in pain, not to mention she came off the trailer on three legs.

I knew my first order of business was to keep her quiet and get the heat and swelling down, which I did by hosing her leg with cold water and applying 90% DMSO gel, followed by wrapping both the injured leg and the weight bearing leg every day. Nevertheless, as a bow is tricky business, I figured I’d better pay attention to “that little voice,” and pass the torch over to someone who really knows something. That’s when I contacted soft tissue expert, Grant Myhre, DVM, and founder of Myhre Equine Clinic in Rochester, NH. But, it got me to wondering, anyway, because it’s not practical to call a veterinarian every time a horse gets into a fix, where is the line between being a neurotic horse owner and someone who’s about to do irreparable damage?

Equine Bowed Tendon Defined

With that said, Dr. Myhre began his counsel at the beginning - by defining a bowed tendon. It’s most commonly a tear of the superficial digital flexor tendon located in the middle of the cannon bone region. The reason it’s called a “bow” is due to the subsequent “bow-like” swelling that appears on the back of the leg. Owing to the lengthy healing process and because the torn fibers are often replaced by fibrous scar tissue, making the leg more vulnerable to re-injury, he recommends getting a baseline ultrasound to be used as the benchmark for future evaluations.

Treatment

Depending on the results, there are a number of treatment programs Dr. Myhre suggests you discuss with your vet if you ever find yourself in this unfortunate situation. For instance, one of the less expensive approaches, once the initial symptoms have subsided, consists of a 25% Furison + 25% DMSO + 50% distilled water preparation applied to the area and then wrapped. A 50% Listerine + 50% glycerin recipe works well, too and won’t blister the leg. Or, you can put together a self-styled whirlpool out of a plastic garbage can and a garden hose.

Then there are a few non-invasive treatments - therapeutic ultrasound, low-power laser, and magnets, as well as intralesional medications, such as Bapten® that claim good results. Plus, a new technology - Estracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) is being touted as the latest breakthrough discovery. Involving the use of high frequency sound waves to stimulate the cells, it’s thought to kick-start the healing process and dramatically speed up recovery time. But, if a surgical procedure is the recommendation, tendon splitting and stem cell replacement are two options that also rate well, although the timeline for each has to be within 90 days of the injury and they can be quite costly.

Exercise

As for exercise, it may entail complete stall rest, hand walking, or light riding, depending on the severity of the bow, the ultrasound evaluation, and the pain level in the horse. Take heart though, there is good news. If diagnosed and treated promptly, followed by sufficient rehab time, and you pay special attention to shoes, ground surfaces, and work programs to prevent a reoccurrence, your horse can make a full recovery –Beauty’s story, I’m thrilled to say.

She’s since been adopted by a devoted “mom” who plans to breed her down the road, as she has a huge pedigree. However, since she’s doing so well, there’s talk of her first embarking on a jumping career, albeit a low level jumping career . . . But, who cares, Beauty’s making a come back . . . that’s all that counts.

Tuesday, February 19, 2008

Equine Body Scoring


Has it ever happened that your horse has been the target of constructive criticism? You know, the kind of commentary that invariably draws attention to your horse’s defects while at the same time casting the “well wisher” as the voice of experience? And, since it’s almost always personal when it comes to horses, the comments usually cut to the quick, even if they are brought to light under the umbrella of concern.

Somehow we seem to equate pointing out the tiniest flaw with proving our eternal devotion to a creature that couldn’t care less as long as there is enough food, shelter, and companionship around. However, there really are situations that require intervention, like if a horse’s health is at risk; which leads me to ask, when should we shut up and when should we speak up?

Take weight, a subject about which my friends and I offer each other habitual advice, and which makes for some pretty lively discussions. After a landmark session of finger pointing, I decided to talk with Mary Rose Paradis, DVM at Tufts College of Veterinary Medicine to rule on whether a horse is as “fat as a hog” or is a “bag of bones”. Here’re the cliff notes of what she said:

The Henneke System, developed in 1983, has become the standard by which a horse’s condition, regardless of breed, body type, sex, or age is evaluated. Based on a visual and palpable assessment, a rating from one (lowest) to nine (highest), covering six major areas – the neck, withers, shoulder, ribs, loins, and the tailhead, has been devised to establish the degree of fat present in the body (not weight as so often thought).

Body Score Description

1. Poor – Emaciated. Prominent bone structures on neck, withers, shoulders, backbone, ribs and tailhead; hook and pin bones (pelvis) project prominently. Fat can not be seen or palpated

2. Very Thin – Bone structures are slightly less prominent

3. Thin – Fat build up on backbone to the midpoint; fat just covers the ribs. Tailhead is still prominent but individual vertebrae are not easily identified. Hook and pin bones are no longer obvious. Withers, shoulders, and neck are accentuated

4. Moderately Thin – Negative crease along the back; faint outline of ribs. Fat can be felt around the tailhead. Hook and pin bones are not discernible. Withers, shoulders, and neck are filling in

5. Moderate – Back is level. Ribs are not seen, but can be easily felt. Fat around the tailhead is beginning to feel spongy. Withers appear round. Shoulders and neck blend smoothly into the body

6. Moderate to Fleshy – Slight crease down the back. Fat over ribs feels spongy. Fat around the tailhead feels soft. Fat is beginning to be deposited along sides of the withers, behind the shoulders and along the sides of the neck

7. Fleshy – May have crease down the back. Fat around ribs is a noticeable; fat around the tailhead is soft. Fat deposits are noticeable along the withers, behind the shoulders and along the neck

8. Fat – Definite crease down the back; difficult to palpate ribs. Fat around the tailhead is very soft. Fat filled withers. Fatty area behind the shoulder. Noticeable thickening of the neck. Fat is deposited along the inner buttocks

9. Extremely Fat – Obvious crease down the back; patchy fat appearing over the ribs. Bulging fat around the tailhead, along the withers, behind the shoulders and along the neck. Fat along the inner buttocks may rub together. Flank is filled in

To Calculate Your Horse's Weight without a Scale

While I was at it, I asked how to calculate a horse’s weight without a scale. Here’s the equation: Heart Girth (measure just behind the withers all the way around the girth area) x Heart Girth x Length (measure from the middle of the chest to the tail) ÷ 330 = Weight

Even though there’s an official system upon which we can rely (no longer is a horse considered “damned fat” or “kinda’ thin”; he’s now referred to as the PC “eight” or “three”), you’d think it would end the controversy, but there seems to be just enough subjectivity to keep the debate alive, and well, kicking. Ah, horse people . . .